Frequently Asked Questions — Laboratory
Consolidated questions about clinical and research laboratories, glassware, technical standards, cleaning, and maintenance of materials for healthcare professionals.
Laboratory Modalities
What is the difference between a clinical analysis laboratory and a research laboratory?
A clinical analysis laboratory performs tests on patient samples for diagnosis and health monitoring. A research laboratory, on the other hand, is dedicated to scientific development, the creation of new methods, and technological innovation.
Does every laboratory use glassware?
Most laboratories use some type of glassware, such as beakers, Erlenmeyer flasks, graduated cylinders, and pipettes. However, the quantity and models vary according to the activity performed.
What products are essential in a laboratory?
Items such as micropipettes, tips, glassware, tubes, reagents, measuring equipment, and PPE are among the most commonly used materials in most laboratories.
Do teaching laboratories use the same materials as professional laboratories?
Many materials are similar, but teaching laboratories typically use versions geared towards didactic activities and student training.
How to choose laboratory products?
The choice should consider the type of analysis performed, the necessary level of precision, the chemical compatibility of the materials, and the laboratory's operational routine.
Technical Standards
What is the main standard for clinical laboratories?
ANVISA's RDC n.º 786/2023 establishes the technical-sanitary requirements for services that perform Clinical Analysis Tests (CAT).
Is ISO/IEC 17025 mandatory?
Not always. Its application depends on the activity developed and accreditation or contractual requirements.
What are Good Laboratory Practices (GLP)?
These are principles that guide the organization, execution, monitoring, and recording of laboratory studies, especially in research.
Does NR-32 apply to laboratories?
Yes. Whenever the laboratory is part of a health service or there is occupational exposure to the risks foreseen in the standard.
Are SOPs mandatory?
In many regulatory contexts, yes. Furthermore, they are essential for standardizing procedures and facilitating audits.
Laboratory Glassware
Can all glassware be heated?
No. Only models manufactured for this purpose, preferably made of borosilicate glass.
Can a beaker be used to measure volume?
The graduation on a beaker is only approximate. For precise measurements, use volumetric flasks, pipettes, or burettes.
What does borosilicate glass mean?
It is a type of glass with added boron oxide, offering greater thermal, chemical, and thermal shock resistance.
Is all graduated glassware calibrated?
No. Only equipment intended for volumetric measurement has adequate calibration for this purpose.
Glassware Selection
Is the low-form beaker sufficient for most laboratories?
Yes. The Griffin model is the standard used in teaching, research, clinical analysis, and quality control laboratories for offering excellent stability and versatility.
When is it worthwhile to use a high-form beaker?
When it is desired to reduce splashes, minimize evaporation, or optimize space on hot plates and baths.
Can I heat any beaker?
No. For heating, prefer models made of borosilicate glass or another material specified by the manufacturer for this purpose.
Which beaker capacity is most commonly used?
250 mL and 400 mL beakers are the most common as they meet most laboratory routines.
Can I use a beaker to prepare standard solutions?
It is not recommended. For this type of procedure, use a volumetric flask, designed to provide calibrated volumes with greater precision.
Does the Erlenmeyer flask measure volume?
The graduation on some models is only approximate and does not replace volumetric glassware.
Can I heat a volumetric flask?
No. Its primary function is the preparation of solutions with exact volume. Heating can compromise calibration and, depending on the conditions of use, damage the glassware.
Does an Erlenmeyer flask replace a beaker?
Not entirely. Although both can be used for mixing solutions, the Erlenmeyer flask is more suitable when frequent stirring or splash reduction is needed, while the beaker offers greater practicality for general use.
What is the best option for a teaching laboratory?
The beaker is usually the most used glassware due to its versatility. However, didactic laboratories also use Erlenmeyer flasks and volumetric flasks according to the objectives of the practical activities.
Conservation and Lifespan
Can I continue using glassware with a small crack?
No. Even discreet fissures can evolve into ruptures during use, especially when there is heating or handling of reagents.
Does borosilicate glassware last longer?
In general, yes. They offer greater resistance to thermal shock and chemical agents, provided they are used according to the manufacturer's recommendations.
Can I stack beakers?
Only when the manufacturer indicates this possibility and always with care to avoid friction and impacts between the pieces.
How to remove persistent stains?
Use methods compatible with the type of residue and the glassware material. Avoid abrasive products that can scratch the surface.
How often should I inspect glassware?
Laboratories with daily use should perform visual inspections before each use and periodic reviews according to their internal procedures.
Cleaning and Storage
Can I store glassware while still wet?
No. Humidity promotes stains, can contribute to contamination, and hinders proper conservation.
Can I use household detergent?
When compatible with laboratory procedures and indicated for this type of cleaning, it may be sufficient for common residues. For specific applications, always follow internal protocols and manufacturer recommendations.
Is tap water sufficient for the final rinse?
It depends on the application. Analytical procedures may require distilled or deionized water, according to the requirements of the method used.
How to store beakers and Erlenmeyer flasks?
In clean cabinets, organized by size, and protected against impacts. Avoid improper stacking.
How often should I inspect and organize storage?
Visual inspection before each use, weekly organization of cabinets, and monthly review of the general condition of glassware are recommended.
