Frequently Asked Questions — Medical-Hospital
Consolidated questions from our Medical-Hospital technical guides. For more in-depth information, access the complete articles linked in each section.
Infusion Sets
Source: Macro-drip vs. Micro-drip Infusion Sets: Which to Choose for Each Type of Infusion?
What is the difference between a macro-drip and a micro-drip infusion set?
The macro-drip infusion set has a drip factor of 20 drops/mL, indicated for large volume infusions in adults. The micro-drip has a factor of 60 drops/mL, offering greater precision, and is indicated for pediatrics, neonatology, and therapies requiring rigorous flow control.
How to calculate the drip rate correctly?
The calculation must consider the volume to be infused, the infusion time, and the drip factor of the infusion set used. Always confirm the drip factor printed on the product packaging.
Can the macro-drip infusion set be used in pediatrics?
In general, the micro-drip is preferred in pediatrics due to greater infusion control. The choice must follow clinical evaluation and institutional protocols.
Is the drip factor always the same?
No. Some manufacturers may adopt different factors. Always check the drip factor printed on the packaging before starting the infusion.
What is the minimum recommended flow for the macro-drip infusion set?
The minimum recommended flow is 5 L/min to prevent CO₂ rebreathing and ensure infusion safety.
Oxygen Masks
Source: Simple Mask vs. Reservoir Mask: Which to Choose for Each Oxygen Therapy Need?
What is the difference between a simple mask and a reservoir mask?
The simple mask provides an O₂ concentration between 35–60%, indicated for mild to moderate hypoxemia. The reservoir mask can provide up to 90–95% O₂, and is indicated for severe hypoxemia and emergency situations.
Should the reservoir bag remain inflated?
Yes. The bag must remain partially inflated throughout its use to ensure adequate oxygen delivery to the patient.
Does the reservoir mask replace mechanical ventilation?
No. It provides high oxygen concentrations, but does not replace ventilatory support when it is necessary.
Can I use a simple mask on any patient?
No. The choice depends on the oxygen need, the severity of the clinical condition, and the medical prescription.
Can the simple mask be used in Home Care?
Yes, when indicated and monitored by a healthcare professional.
Urinary Collection Bags
Source: Open System vs. Closed System Collection Bag: Which to Choose for Each Clinical Need?
What is the difference between an open system and a closed system?
The closed system maintains a continuous sterile circuit, reducing the risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI). It is the standard for patients catheterized for prolonged periods. The open system is indicated for temporary and short-term drainage.
Should the collection bag rest on the floor?
No. It should remain below the bladder level, without direct contact with the floor, to prevent reflux and contamination.
Can I open the closed system to facilitate cleaning?
No. The circuit must remain closed throughout its use, being opened only when there is a clinical indication or device replacement.
When should the bag be replaced?
Replacement should follow the manufacturer's guidance and the healthcare institution's protocols, and also occur when there is damage, contamination, or compromise of the system.
Is the closed system always the best option?
For patients with continuous urinary drainage, especially hospitalized or in prolonged Home Care, it is generally the most indicated option due to the lower risk of infection.
Systemic Acupuncture Needles
Source: Systemic Acupuncture Needles: Types, Sizes, and How to Choose
Is there a standard needle size?
The 0.25 × 25 mm is one of the most versatile and widely used, but the choice must consider the anatomical region, the patient's biotype, and the technique employed.
Are thinner needles less effective?
No. They simply provide a more comfortable insertion and are indicated for delicate or superficial areas such as the face, hands, and feet.
How to choose the correct length?
The length must allow safe access to the desired tissue, respecting the depth of the point and the patient's anatomical characteristics.
Can the same size be used throughout the body?
No. Different anatomical regions require distinct lengths and diameters to ensure comfort, precision, and safety.
Do long needles require greater technical mastery?
Yes. The depth of insertion must respect the anatomy and the technique employed. Use models compatible with your professional training.
Types of Gauze
Source: Types of Gauze: How to Choose the Ideal Gauze for Each Application
What is the difference between gauze compresses and rolled gauze?
Gauze compresses are supplied ready for use in folded units, while rolled gauze is continuous and can be cut to the necessary length, being widely used for covering extensive areas and in conjunction with bandages.
When should I use an operative field?
The operative field is indicated for surgical procedures and situations requiring high absorption of blood and fluids, being different from conventional gauze compresses.
Is 13-thread gauze always better than 9-thread gauze?
It offers greater absorption, resistance, and less lint release, but the choice must consider the procedure and the cost-benefit relationship.
Can I use non-sterile gauze directly on an open wound?
In general, for direct contact with open wounds, sterile gauze is recommended, according to clinical evaluation and institutional protocols.
Standards and Regulations
Which standards regulate medical-hospital devices?
The main regulatory frameworks are NR-32 (Occupational Safety and Health in Healthcare Services), ANVISA RDCs applicable to medical devices, and the institutional protocols of each healthcare establishment.
How to check if a product is registered with ANVISA?
Access the ANVISA portal (anvisa.gov.br) and consult the product registration by the manufacturer's name or registration number. All Dental Access products have regular registration with ANVISA.
Is NR-32 mandatory for private clinics?
Yes. NR-32 applies to public and private healthcare services that have workers exposed to the risks inherent in the activities.
Who inspects compliance with these standards?
Inspection can be carried out by Sanitary Surveillance, Internal Audits, Professional Councils, and by the bodies responsible for inspecting working conditions.
